由(you)于食(shi)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和亞硝(xiao)酸鈉外型(xing)與和小麥(mai)面粉(fen)(fen)(fen)十分(fen)相似(si),肉(rou)眼真是(shi)(shi)(shi)無法辨別(bie)(bie),而(er)且味兒上也(ye)沒辦法和食(shi)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)辨別(bie)(bie)。由(you)于食(shi)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)碘要以(yi)(yi)碘酸鉀的(de)(de)方法存有(you)(you),木(mu)薯(shu)淀(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)遇(yu)碘之后轉(zhuan)化成絡合物而(er)顯色。因此(ci)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)應用木(mu)薯(shu)淀(dian)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)開展檢測(ce)。而(er)碰到(dao)亞硝(xiao)酸鈉則先呈(cheng)墨綠后呈(cheng)紅黃(huang)色最(zui)終出現棕紅色,因此(ci)在辨別(bie)(bie)上要求(qiu)根據在上世紀90年代,也(ye)有(you)(you)某些騎著單車(che)的(de)(de)走街串戶的(de)(de)小攤販(fan),到(dao)鄉村來(lai)(lai)售那類大(da)砂類的(de)(de)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)!它是(shi)(shi)(shi)童年的(de)(de)我的(de)(de)記憶!隨后家(jia)中(zhong)買來(lai)(lai)這種(zhong)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)后,一般用于腌漬蘿(luo)卜咸菜,這類大(da)顆(ke)粒(li)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)粗鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),粗鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)海鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)歷經(jing)粗略(lve)地生產加工(gong)后的(de)(de)物質,也(ye)挺大(da)粒(li)一棵。粗鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)能吃的(de)(de),只(zhi)不過是(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)殘渣,沒有(you)(you)加碘。此(ci)外工(gong)業化生產中(zhong)采(cai)用的(de)(de)大(da)顆(ke)粒(li)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)業用鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),是(shi)(shi)(shi)不可(ke)以(yi)(yi)服用的(de)(de),怎樣來(lai)(lai)區別(bie)(bie)他(ta)們呢?
大顆粒粗鹽
專(zhuan)家指出顧客,腌(a)漬蘿卜(bu)咸菜能夠(gou)用銷(xiao)售(shou)市場上售(shou)賣的大顆(ke)粒(li)鹽,這類(lei)大粒(li)鹽相對(dui)性(xing)于加碘食鹽不但價格(ge)低,并且不容易溶(rong)化,非常合適腌(a)漬蘿卜(bu)咸菜。要(yao)留意的千萬別選購工業鹽,大顆(ke)粒(li)工業鹽帶有(you)多種多樣(yang)金屬(shu)鎘,服用過多非常容易中(zhong)毒了,千萬別圖劃算(suan)選購。
工業(ye)鹽歸(gui)屬于(yu)(yu)非食鹽,關鍵成(cheng)(cheng)份是(shi)(shi)亞(ya)(ya)硝(xiao)酸(suan)鈉(na)(na),有(you)害,主(zhu)要(yao)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)化工廠生產制(zhi)造,具備(bei)提色、抗(kang)菌防腐蝕功(gong)效。因為(wei)亞(ya)(ya)硝(xiao)酸(suan)鈉(na)(na)是(shi)(shi)強致癌物,有(you)害,其(qi)使(shi)身(shen)體中(zhong)毒(du)(du)了的原理為(wei)亞(ya)(ya)硝(xiao)酸(suan)鈉(na)(na)具備(bei)必須的還原性,進到身(shen)體后,可讓血(xue)夜中(zhong)的低鐵(tie)血(xue)紅蛋白(bai)(bai)濃(nong)度空(kong)氣(qi)氧化變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)高(gao)鐵(tie)動車血(xue)紅蛋白(bai)(bai)濃(nong)度,喪失運氧的作(zuo)用(yong),造成(cheng)(cheng)機構氧氣(qi)不足,使(shi)身(shen)體出現(xian)烏青而(er)中(zhong)毒(du)(du)了。過多吃入(ru)工業(ye)用(yong)鹽中(zhong)毒(du)(du)了后病發快速(su),但也是(shi)(shi)危險期,導致的不良影(ying)響(xiang)是(shi)(shi)麻木(mu)毛細(xi)血(xue)管健身(shen)運動神(shen)經中(zhong)樞、吸氣(qi)神(shen)經中(zhong)樞及周邊毛細(xi)血(xue)管,產生高(gao)鐵(tie)動車血(xue)紅蛋白(bai)(bai)濃(nong)度。亞(ya)(ya)急性中(zhong)毒(du)(du)了主(zhu)要(yao)表現(xian)為(wei)渾身(shen)無力、頭疼、頭昏、惡(e)(e)心(xin)想吐、惡(e)(e)心(xin)嘔吐、拉肚子、乳(ru)房急迫感、呼吸不暢,查驗見肌膚粘(zhan)膜顯著紫(zi)紺;比較嚴(yan)重狀況下(xia),心(xin)率降低、暈厥(jue)、身(shen)亡。
食鹽和工(gong)業鹽的差別:
1.構造上:食用(yong)鹽是較純粹的氧化鈉(na)。工(gong)業用(yong)鹽中除(chu)帶有氧化鈉(na)以外,也有超標準的亞硝酸(suan)鈉(na),
2.特(te)性(xing)(xing)上:食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鹽(yan)特(te)性(xing)(xing)較平穩(wen)(wen),溶液(ye)呈(cheng)中性(xing)(xing)化。亞硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)鈉(na)(na)在干躁標準下(xia)比較平穩(wen)(wen),但(dan)能(neng)遲緩消化吸(xi)收氧而空氣(qi)氧化成硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)鈉(na)(na),溶液(ye)呈(cheng)偏堿(jian)。3.外型上:二(er)者都呈(cheng)乳白(bai)色,獨(du)特(te)狀況下(xia)食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鹽(yan)也(ye)(ye)將會顯(xian)淡黃色或淺(qian)(qian)藍色,亞硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)鈉(na)(na)也(ye)(ye)將會微(wei)顯(xian)淺(qian)(qian)黃色。二(er)者都呈(cheng)結晶狀,在光學顯(xian)微(wei)鏡下(xia)幾(ji)何圖形型體有(you)必須的(de)差別,但(dan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人眼是辨(bian)(bian)別出(chu)不來的(de)。4.溶解度:亞硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)鈉(na)(na)和(he)食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鹽(yan)都非(fei)常容易(yi)溶解水,易(yi)潮解,無異味(wei)(wei)。5.味(wei)(wei)兒:亞硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)鈉(na)(na)略(lve)微(wei)甜味(wei)(wei),食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鹽(yan)甜味(wei)(wei)偏重,服用(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)靠味(wei)(wei)蕾無法(fa)辨(bian)(bian)別。
工業鹽的(de)危害和中毒癥狀
工(gong)業鹽中除含(han)有大量的致(zhi)癌物亞硝酸鹽以(yi)外還有可能含(han)有鉛、砷等有害物質。如果攝入一定量會出(chu)現(xian)頭痛(tong)、乏力(li)、惡心、嘔吐、腹痛(tong)、腹瀉等癥狀。嚴重(zhong)者出(chu)現(xian)意識喪(sang)失、昏迷(mi)、呼(hu)吸衰竭,甚至(zhi)死亡。發(fa)生(sheng)以(yi)上癥狀,要立即送往醫院。
如何(he)區(qu)別工業(ye)鹽和食用鹽
首先觀(guan)察鹽的(de)(de)(de)顆粒大小和色(se)澤(ze)。一般而(er)言(yan),工業(ye)鹽的(de)(de)(de)顆粒比較(jiao)大,含(han)雜質比較(jiao)多(duo),因此會顯得粗黑,而(er)加了碘的(de)(de)(de)食(shi)用鹽則多(duo)數顆粒小,色(se)澤(ze)比較(jiao)白。其次,袋裝私鹽的(de)(de)(de)包裝比較(jiao)粗糙,往往既無生產(chan)地,也沒有生產(chan)標(biao)準,更沒有哪家公司(si)監(jian)制(zhi)、銷售的(de)(de)(de)字樣(yang)。而(er)正規食(shi)鹽則注明(ming)“鹽務局監(jian)制(zhi)”。