純堿行業專(zhuan)題(ti)報道:新能源(yuan)接力增長,純堿行業有望繁榮(rong)起(qi)來(lai)
1純堿:以化(hua)學(xue)合成為(wei)主的基礎化(hua)工(gong)原料
1.1純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)分類:輕純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)和重(zhong)純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian),又稱碳酸鈉(na)、純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)等,是(shi)重(zhong)要的(de)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)原(yuan)料(liao)。在(zai)物理性能方面,純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)室溫下(xia)的(de)外觀為單斜針狀晶體或白色(se)粉末,易溶于水,具有一(yi)定的(de)吸(xi)水性。就化(hua)(hua)學性質而言,純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)可(ke)分別與酸、堿(jian)(jian)(jian)和鹽反(fan)應。例如(ru),當(dang)純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)與氫氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)鈣等堿(jian)(jian)(jian)反(fan)應時,可(ke)以(yi)生成氫氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)鈉(na),這是(shi)工(gong)業(ye)上制備燒堿(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)常用(yong)方法。大部分純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)廣泛應用(yong)于工(gong)業(ye),如(ru)輕工(gong)業(ye)、日化(hua)(hua)、石(shi)油、國防、建材、醫藥等領域。
純(chun)(chun)堿可分為(wei)(wei)輕純(chun)(chun)堿和(he)重(zhong)純(chun)(chun)堿,其產(chan)品特性和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)方法(fa)不同。兩者(zhe)的化(hua)學式沒有(you)區(qu)別,只是物理形式不同。以(yi)密度為(wei)(wei)主要劃(hua)分標準:輕質純(chun)(chun)堿的密度為(wei)(wei)500-600kg/m3,為(wei)(wei)白色(se)粉末;重(zhong)質純(chun)(chun)堿的密度為(wei)(wei)1000-1200 kg/m3,為(wei)(wei)白色(se)顆粒。與輕質純(chun)(chun)堿相比,重(zhong)質純(chun)(chun)堿具有(you)更高(gao)的密度和(he)更低的吸濕性。在生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)方法(fa)上,可以(yi)采用氨(an)堿法(fa)或(huo)復合堿法(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)輕質純(chun)(chun)堿;重(zhong)質純(chun)(chun)堿可通過水(shui)或(huo)輕純(chun)(chun)堿擠壓獲得,或(huo)直接通過天然純(chun)(chun)堿法(fa)
1.2生產。生產工藝:合成堿法、天然堿法