寧夏明礬:十二水(shui)(shui)硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鋁(lv)鉀,又稱(cheng):明(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)、白礬(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)、鉀礬(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)、鉀鋁(lv)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)、鉀明(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan),是(shi)含有(you)(you)結晶(jing)水(shui)(shui)的硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鉀和硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鋁(lv)的復(fu)鹽。無(wu)色立方(fang)晶(jing)體(ti),外表常(chang)呈八面體(ti),或(huo)與立方(fang)體(ti)、菱形(xing)(xing)(xing)十二面體(ti)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成聚形(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)時(shi)以{111}面附于(yu)容(rong)器壁(bi)上而形(xing)(xing)(xing)似六方(fang)板(ban)狀,屬于(yu)α型明(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)類復(fu)鹽,有(you)(you)玻璃光澤。密(mi)度1.757g/cm3,熔點92.5℃。92.5℃時(shi)失去9個(ge)分子結晶(jing)水(shui)(shui),200℃時(shi)失去12個(ge)分子結晶(jing)水(shui)(shui)。溶于(yu)水(shui)(shui),不溶于(yu)乙醇。明(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)性味酸(suan)澀,寒;有(you)(you)抗菌作用(yong)、收斂(lian)作用(yong)等(deng),可(ke)用(yong)做中藥。明(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)還(huan)可(ke)用(yong)于(yu)制備(bei)鋁(lv)鹽、發酵粉(fen)、油漆、鞣料、澄清(qing)劑、媒(mei)染劑、造紙(zhi)、防水(shui)(shui)劑等(deng),在(zai)我們的生活中常(chang)用(yong)于(yu)凈水(shui)(shui)。