寧夏明礬:十二水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)硫酸(suan)鋁(lv)鉀(jia),又稱:明礬、白礬、鉀(jia)礬、鉀(jia)鋁(lv)礬、鉀(jia)明礬,是含有結(jie)晶(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的硫酸(suan)鉀(jia)和硫酸(suan)鋁(lv)的復(fu)鹽(yan)(yan)。無色立方晶(jing)體(ti)(ti),外表常呈八面(mian)(mian)體(ti)(ti),或與立方體(ti)(ti)、菱(ling)形(xing)(xing)十二面(mian)(mian)體(ti)(ti)形(xing)(xing)成聚形(xing)(xing),有時(shi)(shi)以{111}面(mian)(mian)附于(yu)容(rong)器(qi)壁上而形(xing)(xing)似六(liu)方板狀,屬于(yu)α型明礬類復(fu)鹽(yan)(yan),有玻璃光澤。密度1.757g/cm3,熔(rong)點(dian)92.5℃。92.5℃時(shi)(shi)失(shi)去(qu)9個分子結(jie)晶(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),200℃時(shi)(shi)失(shi)去(qu)12個分子結(jie)晶(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。溶于(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),不溶于(yu)乙(yi)醇。明礬性味酸(suan)澀(se),寒;有抗菌(jun)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)、收斂(lian)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)等,可用(yong)(yong)做中藥。明礬還可用(yong)(yong)于(yu)制備鋁(lv)鹽(yan)(yan)、發酵粉、油漆(qi)、鞣(rou)料(liao)、澄(cheng)清(qing)劑、媒染劑、造紙、防水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑等,在我們的生活中常用(yong)(yong)于(yu)凈(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。