寧夏明礬:十二水(shui)(shui)硫酸(suan)(suan)鋁鉀(jia),又(you)稱:明(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)、白礬(fan)(fan)(fan)、鉀(jia)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)、鉀(jia)鋁礬(fan)(fan)(fan)、鉀(jia)明(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan),是含(han)有結(jie)晶水(shui)(shui)的(de)硫酸(suan)(suan)鉀(jia)和硫酸(suan)(suan)鋁的(de)復鹽。無色立方晶體(ti),外表(biao)常(chang)呈八(ba)面(mian)體(ti),或(huo)與立方體(ti)、菱形(xing)(xing)十二面(mian)體(ti)形(xing)(xing)成聚形(xing)(xing),有時(shi)以{111}面(mian)附(fu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)容器壁上而形(xing)(xing)似六方板(ban)狀,屬于(yu)(yu)(yu)α型明(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)類復鹽,有玻(bo)璃(li)光澤。密度1.757g/cm3,熔(rong)點92.5℃。92.5℃時(shi)失(shi)去9個分子結(jie)晶水(shui)(shui),200℃時(shi)失(shi)去12個分子結(jie)晶水(shui)(shui)。溶(rong)(rong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui),不溶(rong)(rong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)乙醇。明(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)性味酸(suan)(suan)澀,寒;有抗菌作用、收斂作用等(deng),可用做中(zhong)藥。明(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)還可用于(yu)(yu)(yu)制備鋁鹽、發酵(jiao)粉、油漆(qi)、鞣料(liao)、澄(cheng)清劑、媒染劑、造紙、防水(shui)(shui)劑等(deng),在我們的(de)生活(huo)中(zhong)常(chang)用于(yu)(yu)(yu)凈水(shui)(shui)。