寧夏明礬:十(shi)二水(shui)硫(liu)酸鋁鉀(jia),又稱(cheng):明(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan)、白礬(fan)(fan)、鉀(jia)礬(fan)(fan)、鉀(jia)鋁礬(fan)(fan)、鉀(jia)明(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan),是含有(you)結晶水(shui)的硫(liu)酸鉀(jia)和硫(liu)酸鋁的復(fu)鹽(yan)。無色立(li)(li)方晶體,外表常呈八面(mian)體,或與立(li)(li)方體、菱形(xing)十(shi)二面(mian)體形(xing)成聚形(xing),有(you)時以{111}面(mian)附于(yu)容器壁上而形(xing)似六方板狀,屬于(yu)α型(xing)明(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan)類(lei)復(fu)鹽(yan),有(you)玻(bo)璃光澤。密度1.757g/cm3,熔點92.5℃。92.5℃時失(shi)去(qu)9個(ge)(ge)分子結晶水(shui),200℃時失(shi)去(qu)12個(ge)(ge)分子結晶水(shui)。溶于(yu)水(shui),不溶于(yu)乙醇。明(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan)性味酸澀,寒;有(you)抗菌(jun)作用(yong)(yong)、收斂作用(yong)(yong)等,可用(yong)(yong)做中(zhong)藥。明(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan)還可用(yong)(yong)于(yu)制備(bei)鋁鹽(yan)、發酵粉、油漆、鞣料(liao)、澄(cheng)清劑、媒染劑、造紙、防水(shui)劑等,在(zai)我(wo)們(men)的生活中(zhong)常用(yong)(yong)于(yu)凈水(shui)。